A Character From Everyman Essay

Everyman is a medieval play composed by a mysterious creator. The focal subject of the play is that when an opportunity to leave the world is drawing closer, an individual may wind up being double-crossed by their loved ones, and just great deeds is significant toward the end. God and religion are likewise significant perspectives in this Middle Age dramatization, since it depicts Everyman’s progress from dread of death to a â€Å"Christian acquiescence that is preface to redemption† (115). The characters in the play comprise of subjects, action words, and articles. The principle character in the show is Everyman, except the name is a portrayal of humanity as a rule. Everyman requests that different characters tail him on his excursion to death. Right off the bat, Everyman goes to Fellowship who is his companion, yet the first to spurn him by proposing drinking or associating with ladies as opposed to going on excursion of death. Besides, he asks his relatives, Kindred and Cousin, to go along with him on his excursion. Be that as it may, Kindred and Cousin are unfaithful to Everyman by helping him to remember the things he has never accomplished for them. Thirdly, Everyman alludes to Goods, which are Everyman’s assets. Be that as it may, he is disillusioned to discover that he can't keep his material belongings with him a secret forever. Fourthly, Everyman calls upon Good Deeds. Great Deeds can't go with Everyman promptly, except prescribes first proceeding to address information. In conclusion, Everyman takes Good Deed’s counsel and goes to Knowledge. Information drives Everyman to Confession with the goal for Everyman to recognize his wrongdoing and be excused. Great Deeds rises again and Everyman asks Good Deeds, Beauty, Strength, Discretion, and Five Wits to go along with him on his excursion to death. In spite of the fact that they all concur and tail him, they flee when they approach his grave with the exception of Good Deeds. Thusly, by shutting of the play the crowd can reason that Good Deeds is the main character who didn't deceive Everyman. All in all, Everyman is a medieval auditorium piece that shows a thing or two to the perusers about the significance of life, which is that the things an individual accomplishes for others during his lifetime are what checks toward the finish of one’s life. Everyman previously thought his family, companions, and possessions would be there when he kicks the bucket, yet understands that none of that issues when life closes.

Human Resource Management in its Environment Essay

Human Resource Management in its Environment - Essay Example It is being developing understood that the work power should never again be viewed as an obligation yet as a secret weapon that should be painstakingly supported and continually created. The most recent two decades saw significant moves in individuals the board approaches and practices. The HRM of the 1980 was responsive in nature and performed staff work as it were. Later on, it turns into a key capacity and assumes an incorporated job in the organization's objectives and arranging. Individuals are viewed as a significant venture. HR is considered as a key player in accomplishing upper hand. Individual, Industrial Relations, Human Relations, HRM or what ever is the favored moniker for the capacity of overseeing individuals in associations, has existed for well longer than a century (Wright et al. 2005). HRM, its ideas definition, study and application have created throughout the years through numerous methodologies. Understanding models in Human Resource Management (HRM) is basic fo r any human asset expert for three reasons. Right off the bat it gives a Macro point of view of HRM proactive in general hierarchical arrangement. Also, the solidarity and assorted variety of these models fill in as introductory contributions to drafting customized HRM model for associations. Thirdly, these models offer responses to many problems that specialist experience in their strategic follower an authoritatively dove followed and business adjusted human asset work. The focal point of HRM is on keeping the ideal amount and nature of individuals expected to accomplish the target of the association. HRM first rise as an idea in the mid-1980 when American specialists delivered two models. Boxall (2003) tended to them as the Michigan model and the Harvard structure. The Michigan model by Fombrun et al. (1984) declared that HRM framework and the hierarchical structure ought to be overseen in a manner that is compatible with authoritative procedure a d that the key HR idea and instruments required are on a very basic level not the same as close to home administration. Lager et al. (1984) characterized HRM as that which boosts authoritative coordination, worker duty, adaptability and nature of work. They underlined a requirement for rationality in HRM strategies and job of the line supervisors. Be that as it may, it is the Harvard Model that has applied extensive impact over the hypothesis and practice of HRM. Harvard Model of HRM: The kind of HRM strategies and practices an association inclines toward ought to be reliant upon its hierarchical vision, crucial, Goals and target. In a significant number cases, such HR rehearses will likewise be conceived and embraced in time with outer condition of associations. As it were, HR approaches and practices are liable to impact by inside and outer condition of associations. Harvard model of HRM propounded by Michael Beer, Richard Walton, Quinn plants, P. Lawrence and Bert Spector featured this impact of condition on HRM is their book titled Managing human Assets distributed in 1984. This model otherwise called delicate model of HRM/Harvard Map of HRM/numerous partners model, contends that human asset approaches are to be affected by two

Women and Violence Essay Example For Students

Ladies and Violence Essay All through movie history, ladies have encountered more progress in their jobs, because of changing cultural standards, than some other class. From the start, both society and the film business lectured that ladies ought to be subject to men and stay in the home, so as to ensure dependability in the network and the family. As time passed and mentalities changed, ladies were starting to be delineated as solid willed, free disapproved of characters, who were anxious to split away from show. The class of the wrongdoing film speaks to such an adjustment in the jobs gave to ladies. Two movies that can be differentiated, so as to help this view, are: The Public Enemy by William Wellman (1931) and Bonnie Clyde by Arthur Penn (1967). We will compose a custom article on Women and Violence explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now In The Public Enemy, ladies are depicted as credulous as well as objects of licentious joy by men. In this period, ladies were frequently arranged as moms, escorts, sisters, or women. Mama Powers (played by Beryl Mercer), the lead character Tom Powers(played by James Cagney) mother, is handily tricked by Toms counterfeit anecdotes about where he get his cash and doesnt accept that her â€Å"baby boy† could be a detestable hoodlum. At a certain point during disallowance, when Tom brings home a barrel of lager, she doesnt even inquiry where he acquired it, but instead takes a beverage for herself. Mama Powers is the prototypical mother of the 1930s. She is incognizant in regards to the methods for the world and doesnt see the peril of things, even with respect to her own kids. She is a widow who doesn't work, however is upheld by her children. She is even incognizant in regards to the way that her children detest each other. Despite the fact that, her Tom was vicious executioner and hoodlum, she generally greets him back affectionately wholeheartedly. Toward the finish of the film, she gets a call saying that Tom will be returning home from the emergency clinic, where he had been treated for a shot. She surges upstairs to make his bed and prepare his room, when the doorbell rings and the adversary pack drops of Toms weapon baffled body. Different ladies who show up in the film are depicted as quick ladies who are sexual article to be delighted in by Tom, until he becomes weary of them and afterward discards them. In one well known film seen, Tom doesnt acknowledge what his fancy woman moll Kitty (played by Mae Clarke) said to him, so he mischievously crushes half of a grapefruit into her face. She is left there put down, too hesitant to even consider sticking up for herself. With the 1960s, came disarray in the predominant culture about womens jobs in the film. Ladies were presently being depicted as amazing, flighty, and having a secretive sexual force, which they used to escape male control. The 1960s likewise carried with it his strains that came about the heightening war in Vietnam, the death of John F. Kennedy, dark ghettos going up on fire, the womens freedom development, the adolescent enemy of war insubordination and free love topic, and the Civil Rights development. It was protected to state that the American open had viciousness at the forefront of its thoughts and the film business benefited from the publics fears. Chief Arthur Penn utilized Bonnie Clyde as his medium to engrave the insubordinate tone of the 1960s and the vulnerability of the predominant qualities and standards of society. When were first acquainted with the character of Bonnie Parker (played by Faye Dunaway), the camera centers around her as she is appreciating her exposed body in the mirror. She at that point swears by her bed and the camera sees her from the outside of her bed rails, so as to give the watcher the feeling that she feels detained by her regular daily existence. At that point, she glances out her window and sees a man endeavoring to take her mother’s vehicle on their front yard garden. She shouts to him and hastily gets into garments to meet him outside. He rapidly interests her interest by saying that she seems as though a celebrity stuck in an exhausting server work, while revealing to her that he is a burglar. She requests that he demonstrate that he isn't a â€Å"faker†, so he gives her his weapon and, promptly turned on by its sensual peril, challenges him by saying, † you wouldn’t have the moxie to utilize it.† To dazzle her, he lets her observer a theft of an unassuming community nation store. As they make their escape in a hot-wired vehicle, he presents himself as Clyde Barrow (played by Warren Beatty). She momentarily covers him with kisses so he needs to pull over on the nation street and advises her to â€Å"slow down.† Clyde illuminates her that he is â€Å"not a lot of a sweetheart boy†, yet rather challenges her intellectually by offering her the chance of abandoning the everyday practice and turning out to be somebody extraordinary and famous when he says:†You get up each morning and you loathe it. You simply loathe it. Them truckdrivers come in there to eat your oily burgers and they kid you, and you kid them back. Be that as it may, they’re moronic and stupid young men with the huge old tattoos on them, and you don’t like it. They ask you on dates, and in some cases you go however you for the most part don’t on the grounds that all they’re ever attempting to do is ge t in your jeans whether you need them to or not. So you go on home and you sit in your room and you think, Now when and how am I ever going to escape from this?’ And now you know.†Appealing to Bonnies feeling of resistance and examine with social standards, she chooses to leave with Cylde and begin burglarizing banks. The following morning, Clyde shows Bonnie how to discharge a weapon by utilizing an old extra tire. There is extraordinary noteworthiness in this scene in light of the fact that Bonnie ventures out self strengthening. The firearm additionally fills in as a redirection from sex. She is fulfilled, nearly fixated, with the phalicness of the firearm and turns out to be explicitly charged by utilizing it; the weapon turns into her substitute for sex due to Clydes weakness. On their way across Texas, the pair stop at a service station where they meet C.W. Greenery (played by Michael J. Pollard). They choose to enroll C.W. since he is a decent specialist with the vehicle and took cash out of the sales register for their outing. Afterward, the pair are joined by Clyde’s more seasoned, ex-con sibling Buck (played by Gene Hackman) and his cliché, docile spouse Blanche (played by Estelle Parsons). They unite and turn into the Barrow Gang and head out through Texas. While halted, the gathering choose to take pictures with Blanches camera and Bonnie postures in stimulating style with her leg laying on the taken Fords guard with a stogie in her mouth and grasping a weapon. Stirred by her newly discovered feeling of intensity and sexuality, she endeavors to archive the invested ladies she has become, just as, adequately catching the mind-set of the womens developments of the 1960s. This is likewise the first occasion when we begin to see strain among Bonnie and Blanche. Bonnie loathe the sort of ladies that Blanche is and considers her a â€Å"ignorant, uneducated hillbilly.† This likewise further goes to help the thoughts of the wom en's activist development of the 1960s and the demeanor of a large number of the womans heroes toward the â€Å"conventional† ladies in the public arena. .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da , .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da .postImageUrl , .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da , .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da:hover , .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da:visited , .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da:active { border:0!important; } .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da:active , .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da:hover { obscurity: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content design: underline; } .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content embellishment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u8011137079fe55 12d160d0f1e4fc55da .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u8011137079fe5512d160d0f1e4fc55da:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The Prevalent Issues Of Surrogate Parenting EssayDuring one essential scene in the film, the posse , now in Missouri, is stopped by a lake, down an abandoned street while Clyde goes out into the forested areas to alleviate himself. Not realizing that they are being trailed by Texas Ranger Capt. Plain Hamer (played by Denver Pyle), Clyde fires the weapon out of his hand when he is going to shoot at them. They catch the Ranger and bind him with his own cuffs. Bonnie proposes that the humili

A Modern Transcendentalist - Free Essay Example

The common denominator of the universe is not harmony, but chaos, hostility and murder†. Great minds like Thoreau preached that humanity is harmonious with nature. In reality this was not their point. They sought nature as an escape from a society they found flaws in.Timothy Treadwell seemed to be truly harmonious with nature. For 13 years he lived among the bears in the Alaskan wilderness. With his video camera, he captured moments much closer, and personal than any journalist could dare. The camera was his only defense from nature. He became an overnight celebrity and activist for animals. In fact Treadwell never charged a fee when he talked at schools. He enjoyed his work so much, it was a passion and a way of life, not a career or scheme. Yet the story behind Treadwell goes much deeper. Treadwell grew up missing something, he felt as if civilization wasn’t for him. After college he turned to alcoholism to â€Å"cure† himself from the ever corrupting world. Treadwell’s rage is almost incandescent. He fights civilization itself. Just as Thoreau had in Walden, Tredwell turned to nature to awaken the unwakeable inside him. He seemed to connect with animals in a way he couldn’t connect with people. Treadwell pursued the Alaskan wilderness and quickly became fascinated by bears. He was all alone, except for his video camera. â€Å"The camera was his only present companion. It was his instrument to explore the wilderness around him. But increasingly, it became something more. He started to scrutinize his innermost feelings, his demons, his exhilarations. Facing the lens of a camera took on the quality of a confessional†. In front of his camera, Treadwell seemed to show his inner thoughts. His problems with relationships, and his desire to get away from it all. Treadwell said â€Å"I’m in love with my animal friends. I’m in love with my animal friends. I’m in love with my animal friends. I’m very, very troubled†. He knew his problems. It wasn’t ignorance that killed him, Treadwell merely killed himself. Treadwell may just have been the true modern Transcendentalist. Cast out of the same shadows that summoned minds like John Muir and Thoreau into the woods. Muir himself stated â€Å"I am losing precious days. I am degenerating into a machine for making money. I am learning nothing in this trivial world of m en. I must break away and get out into the mountains to learn the news†. Tired of society these men took to the woods to escape it all. Treadwell was not very different, and I think the wilderness was calling his name. Thoreau wrote in Walden â€Å"All men want, not something to do with, but something to do, or rather something to be.† Treadwell needed to be somebody. And his inner struggles from his past made it all worse. Treadwell’s carelessness seems to spark from this very idea. It wasnt that he wasn’t afraid of the bears, but simply his inner problems were more harmful than the bears in his mind. He was not ignorant, just incompetent. â€Å"For once there is weakness they will exploit it; they will take me out; they will decapitate me; they will chop me up into bits and pieces. I’m dead. So far, I persevere† said Treadwell. His hatred for society was deep. He was willing to risk it all to fight for his â€Å"cause†. The only thing stopping him from truly escaping it all was Park Services, who were truly concerned of his well being. To Treadwell, they were the adversary. Treadwell ranted in front of his video camera â€Å"How dare they challenge me. How dare they smear me with their campaigns. How dare they, when they do not look after these animals themselves. And I come here in peace and in love—neutral, in respect. I will continue to do this. I will be an American dissident if need be. There’s a patriotic time going on right now, but as far as this fucking American government is concerned: Fuck you, motherfucking park service. Fuck you.† In his mind, Treadwell was a martyr in the fight against society. He knew what he was he doing, but his hatred was so deep. Deep enough that it meant more than his life to him. As the filmmaker Werner Herzog points out, through Treadwell’s camera, he wasn’t capturing wild nature, but the meaning of his life, and frankly death . Treadwell was never able to connect with people well. After college he struggled to make friends, and turned to alcohol. For years he was consumed by alcohol, as if his life had no purpose. In fact his alcoholism was sparked by his isolation. He was never good with women, and I personally believe this is where his problems started. â€Å"I’ve always wished I was gay. It would have been a lot easier.† Treadwell said. In the wilderness, he believed he had finally found true companions; the bears. He named all the bears he encountered, and he centered his life around them. Of course the reality was different. Herzog sums it up perfectly; â€Å"I see only the overwhelming indifference of nature. To me, there is no such thing as a secret world of the bears. And this blank stare speaks only of a half-bored interest in food. But for Timothy Treadwell, this bear was a friend, a savior†. Because bears couldn’t criticise Treadwell, they became his dearest friends. He had found his something to be, his pseudo-purpose. Why didn’t the bears attack Treadwell? You may ask. Maybe he was a true companion, and was harmonious with nature? Or maybe it was just natures disinterest in Treadwell because he was such an outsider. As the coroner puts it, the bears might have thought he was retarded, and let him be. Whatever the reason, Treadwell was able to get much closer to the bears, than anyone e lse in documented history (who wasn’t being attacked). â€Å"O God of love, o King of peace. Make wars throughout the world to cease†. These very words from a hymn written in 1697 might describe Treadwell’s actions. Was Treadwell a true martyr like the face of Jesus Christ? Many argue he put a spotlight on Park Services, and their mistreatment of nature. He also pinned down on for society as a whole, respecting nothing but nature, but in ways he may have done more harm than good. Humans and bears have a certain attitude towards each other that goes back centuries. They fear us, and we fear them. By interacting with these bears, Treadwell may have changed the way bears view humans. If a bear showed up on your lawn, because he was no longer afraid of you, I believe it was for the worse. Treadwell’s real enemy was himself. â€Å"I would never, ever kill a bear in defense of my own life† Treadwell stated. He was so lost in his own mind being fed up with society that he accepted death for his fight against it. Treadwell couldn’t refuse the bear, just as Jesus couldn’t refuse the cross. Treadwell’s â€Å"something to be† had a huge price tag. Thoreau did not give his life for the woods. He had basic respect for his life and society. Treadwell on the other hand was different. Treadwell was not a Martyr. He was fighting for an unworthy cause with essentially zero support with no results. I believe his mission was more to figure out his own life, and seek his fate, than to truly protect nature. It wasn’t that he was harmonious with nature, but that he cared so little, that he would enter the â€Å"danger zone† to get closer than anyone before. The lesson to be had here is not that societal ties are unbreakable.

The ethical issues surrounding the complexity of transnational economy - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2859 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Economics Essay Type Cause and effect essay Did you like this example? Executive Summary The ethical issues surrounding the complexity of transnational economy has given rise to the urgent need for garment retailers to set policies that draw on business practice reflecting ethical standards. The debate behind these ethical issues stems from poor conditions that follow the profit pursuit by international commodity chains in the apparel industry. Also, the pursuit for a competitive edge motivate retailers to demand garment supplies through unethical methods such as forcing workers to work excessive hours and produce quickly without ruining the quality of garments. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The ethical issues surrounding the complexity of transnational economy" essay for you Create order In the process workers forfeit their breaks and are denied overtime pay. Consequently, British clothing retailers are required to adopt a structure that involves cooperating with other firms, trade unions and human rights groups; encouraging employee organising and involvement; minimise the impact of price on wages and working conditions across the supply chain and making an ethical guideline to ensuring that all workers are paid a living wage. Although majority of the garments are produced in India, Bangladesh and China, this report will focus mainly on China because of its strength in human resources and technology as well as potential as regards labour and natural resources. Also this report will differentiate between minimum wage and living wage, highlight issues with wages along the supply chain, and identify competitors that have committed to living wage. In addition the report describes the nature of clothing industry in China, justifies the business case for decent w orking condition and points out barriers to introducing change and operating HR practices and policies. Introduction: Managing human resources is a key factor in determining the success or failure of a business. From a global viewpoint, Multi-National Companies strive to compete to exploit opportunities that globalization offers. This quest for success has paved way for the recognition and importance of effectively managing human resources (Scullion 1995). However, the pursuance of diverse interests of employees (Kelloway et al 2004) of Multi-National Companies (MNC) and the impact of poor HR practices and policies on their productivity, morale and well-being also contribute to failure in business. (Tayeb 2005) In view of this, some theorists (Maslow 1943; Marx 1988; Smith 2003) argue that an employees interest which lies in the ability to afford the basic necessities of life is determined by the wage earned and so wage is a primary means of survival. Given that wage is based on labour and work determines the framework to life, fulfilment and identity of an employee; it is important that wage u nderlines the value and dignity of work by providing a sufficient remuneration for carrying it out. In that way it creates a rationale to how employees make distinctions between their worth and themselves since the level of their confidence and financial security depicts the value of they earn. Living wage vs. Minimum wage Employers are ethically obliged to pay a fair wage whenever possible (Figart 2001). However, whether an employer is legally required to pay wages at least slightly above the basic subsistence level, it doesnt automatically mean that it is sufficient to provide a decent living for the employee as Figart (2001) argues. Waltman (2000) refers to the former as minimum wage and the latter as living wage. Therefore it can be argued that since a minimum wage is enforced by law in which the government is inclined to balancing the needs of workers as well as the interests of employers then a voluntarily paid living wage is more beneficial than the minimum wage. The level of living wage is calculated using calculation approach or negotiated approach (Waltman 2000) and is based on the expenditure that is required for a decent standard of living as measured by the criteria of the society in which the employee lives (Waltman 2004). Issues with wages along the supply chain In the supply chain payment of wages to employees is given less priority because employers focus more low production cost or on deducting administration and raw materials costs and as such employees are paid partial wages or denied wages for months. What is more is that they disrespect minimum wage legislation, discriminate against migrant workers and neglect social contributions by paying informal employees in an informal way (Whitehead 2010). Presently, campaign movements like Labour behind the Label (LBL), Clean Clothes Campaign (CCC) defend garment workers efforts worldwide to improve their working conditions and they liaise with trade unions, consumer organisations, campaign groups, and charities to achieve their objective. Commitment to living wage LBL campaign reports that British clothing retailers like Burberry, Arcadia group, Aurora fashions, Primark, Gap, Next, Monsoon Accessorize and New look, Marks and Spencer (Johnstone 2010) are making commitments to a living wage project. For example, Burberry demonstrates commitment to paying living wage by stating living wages are paid in section 5.2.5 of its Ethical Trading policy claiming that implementing an ethical sourcing strategy helps it achieve its business objectives. Although many of these high profile British brands in the Clothing industry openly acknowledge the need to increase the poverty wages paid to garment workers in their commodity chain, they tend to concentrate more on workers productivity rather than on rewards. Indeed the situation of wage behind the UK High street is disturbing as garment workers labour excessive hours in pitiable working conditions to provide to produce garments worth over  £36 billion a year for high profile British Clothing retaile rs (LBL report 2009). In spite of this, these workers wages are too low to afford them the basic necessities of life. Having pointed out how some British clothing retailers have committed to paying a living wage, following is a brief description of the nature of clothing business in one of our supply base, China. Nature of clothing industry in China The clothing industry in China is a typical buyer-driven chain that is highly intensive in labour.  [1]  The workforce is made up of women where majority are migrants (Chan 2004). It is a typical factory norm to work beyond the legal limit  [2]  that is approved by the Chinese labour law  [3]  (Chan 2005). HR Issues (China Supply Chain) Low wage and piece-rate payment system  [4] Tight labour control,  [5]  exploitation,  [6]  physical and sexual abuses, discrimination, health and safety neglect. Workers are deprived the right to freedom of association and are persecuted for protesting or striking against unfair employment practices. Chinese internal migration regulations subject migrant workers to the economic bondage and exploitation  [7]  . This shows that Chinese garment workers sweat high profits for British clothing brands at the detriment of their dignity, health and above all lives. PEST Analysis: Kotler (1998) argues that a PEST analysis (Luffman et al 1996) is a necessary technique to appreciate the potential and operations of a business. Political Environment: Governments trade restrictions, labour laws and policies (freedom of association). Economic Environment: Price of commodity, labour market (living wage), demand, customer behaviour, taxation on trade and workers. Social Environment: Fast fashion, employment conditions Technological Environment: Machineries, computers and tools used in the production, packaging and distribution units. The business case for decent working condition The awareness of poor working conditions in the garment industry calls for employers to apply ethical reasoning to business practices as well as play ethical roles in managing people. Just as Bohlander, Snell Sherman (2001) argue that people play important roles in developing the competitive advantage of a business, a business case should be considered in order to improve general employment conditions operating within production units owned by suppliers. The rationale for this case is that if garment workers continue to work under inhumane working conditions, this could affect the business in the following ways: Living wage Smith (1776) argued that an employee who performs manual or industrial labour is more active and efficient when wages are high. Meanwhile, motivation theorists (Maslow 1954, Herzberg 1959, Alderfer 1972 cited in Hume 1995) link remuneration to motivation and Steel-Johnson et al (2000) relate motivation to ability and productivity. Therefore, unfair pay le ads to less motivation, reduced productivity and decreased efficiency. Consequently, the company suffers high employee turn-over and since theres a shortage of skilled labour  [8]  in the supply base (China), recruiting more workers and retaining existing workers will be an unnecessary cost to put up with as research indicates  [9]  . For instance, Barclays bank has benefited from paying a living wage  [10]  . On the contrary, an economic critique argues that living wage contributes to unemployment, inflation and business failure (ibid). However, the unavailability of evidence (ibid) marks this argument unreliable. To this end, it can be argued that until there is a concrete proof that paying living wage produces adverse outcomes, there is nothing wrong with paying workers wages that meet the cost of their basic needs and standard of living. Branding, Business reputation and Customer relationship: Researchers have linked branding to high profits (Gobe 2001), differ entiation, enhanced customer loyalty and satisfaction (Hollensen 2003) and competitive advantage (Martin and Beaumont 2003).Therefore, a business is at the risk of losing customers and investors if the press and other interested groups like ILO, NGOs, ethical shoppers  [11]  and campaign movements such as CCC, LBL find out about its poor employment conditions. The impact of this tainting exposure may affect the relationship it has with consumers. For instance, Marks and Spencers (MS) faced a high profile embarrassment in December 2010 for exploiting its workers in the garment industry  [12]  . Therefore retaining an unethical trading system will weaken customer relationship as well as tarnish the image and reputation of the business thus diminishing its opportunity for a competitive edge. Statutory standards and Ethical Code compliance: Moreover the risk of losing business and tainting corporate image is high if its suppliers do not adhere to the legal standards concer ning wages, health and safety, work hours and child labour plus ethically apply codes of labour practice set by for instance the LBLs Ethical Trading Initiative Code (ETI). More so, if a company decides to take business somewhere else it contributes to unemployment and unsavoury outcomes; it is like adding insult to injury. For example, in year 2000, GAP suffered from such predicament  [13]  but made amends by ensuring its suppliers complied with ethical codes and legal standards. Health, safety and work environment Furthermore if workers produce in a hazardous work environment, it can affect the quality of work (garments will be badly sewn or soiled with dirt), disrupt their work pattern which will prolong production and supply time likewise the health and safety of workers. Of course the outcome is cost incentive (high staff turnover and low product turnover). Management of migrant workers Additionally, migrant workers dominate the supply chain and the attraction f or recruiting migrant workers lie in their satisfactory work ethics. However, suppliers tend to indirectly recruit and employ migrant workers and this leads to high possibilities of abuse and increased costs. Also migrant workers are not provided with sufficient training, effective dispute resolution and are not protected under laws at national level. As such, Pfeffer (1998) argues that managing people effectively can significantly enhance economic performance. Therefore, managing people ineffectively can increase turnover, absenteeism, reduce productivity as well as tarnish corporate image and attract unnecessary media cost. Buying practices So far the issue of paying a living wage and improving working conditions have been raised. Similarly, purchasing patterns such as changing orders at the eleventh hour, shortening lead times and insisting on low prices from suppliers leads to unnecessary overtime and payment of low wage  [14]  . And so by adopting an ethical pattern t o procurement, the business prevents substandard produce, delayed supply, extra cost and short-term supplier relationship. What is more is the reputational risk that follows with purchasing practices that violate human rights. Of course a sustainable retail company needs a long-term relationship with an ethical supplier. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Embracing a CSR strategy towards improving employment conditions requires the moral obligation of a business towards others who are affected by the organisations actions (Sims 2003). Sinzig (2010) argues that CSR is the voluntary engagement of a company to undertake ethical practices in labour and employment by enhancing the workplace of all employees by going beyond existing regulatory standards and meeting stakeholders claims. In a nutshell, Zadek (2007) argues that the pursuit of CSR strategy provides the organisation with at least the following specific business and HR benefits; Improved customer loyalty Improved employee productivity, satisfaction, commitment, retention and recruitment practice Less legal issues and reduced conflict Higher profits and lower capital costs Access to capital Risk management Increased organisational performance Superior brand name Innovation and Learning Barriers to introducing change: There are obstacles that work against introducing change. They are listed below as follows: Living wage: Academics (Briscoe and Schuler, 2004) argue that paying a living wage results to unemployment, inflation, business close down, immigration pitfall and work shortage yet economist argue that it increases purchasing power and enhances productivity (Sidney and Webb 1897). Similarly, Waltman (2004) argues that there are no evidences to prove the reality of adverse outcomes claimed by anti-living wage supporters and Arkin (2011) concurs by asserting that the added value from higher pay is proportionally greater than the cost of the increase. Nevertheless an obstacle here is computing a fair profit rate taking into account the company bears cost in organising production, selling finished products, ensuring continuity and capital risk. In addition, because paying a living wage is not bound by law, suppliers would argue that the government increases the statutory minimum wage in p reference to committing to paying a non-statutory living wage. It could then be argued that minimum wage should represent a floor while living wage should represent ethical practice standard but bearing in mind that minimum wages differ according to countries Britain is  £5.93 per hour (ONS 2010) and China is 800.0 RMB per month ( £75.3) (TRAVAIL legal databases 2009) -, it becomes problematic tackling the following questions; Since living wage in London is  £7.85, will it be ethical to pay workers in China the same? How realistic is this? Compliance and monitoring: Another barrier to introducing change is the issue of compliance. Regarding suppliers complying with ethical standards, retailers adopt a cookie-cutter method in bringing in change because it saves them the time to supervise. Unfortunately this doesnt help in China because suppliers tend to falsify documents, train workers to lie or bribe auditors  [15]  in order to sustain good relationship with reta ilers. Therefore audit results become unreliable to work with. Likewise when a supply base is used by several brands, it tends to be shady about its work practices when undergoing an audit from an external firm. Barriers to operative HR policy and practice: Convergence and Divergence: Brewster et al (2002) point out that the effectiveness of global HRM depends on the ability to judge the extent to which an organisation should implement similar practices across the globe (Converge) or adapt them to suit local conditions (Diverge). Therefore reaching a balance between laws, practices or policies to be implemented (International or local) and which will achieve better outcomes tend to frustrate the operationalization of HR policies and practices. Environmental factors: Gerhart and Fang (2005) argue that there are discrepancies in centrality of markets, institutions, regulations, collective bargaining and labour-force characteristics between global environments and the influence of these issues create problems in managing people. For example, the ban on freedom of association in China by the government is seen as infringing on civil rights in a British and international setting. Therefore implementing policies and practices like employee involvement and collective bargaining over wages can be difficult to guarantee because of persecution workers receive from the Chinese government. Recruitment and cost: The need to allocate to senior management the responsibility of implementing this ethical trade action plan in the supply base requires intensive training. On the other hand, the size of the supply factory will entail recruiting and financing more human resources to execute the project. And so, this could delay operations. Also it is expensive to hire audit specialist considering the size of the supply base and economy. Besides, recruiting and training an internal workforce to on skills that will prepare them to strictly inspect and report labour practices will attract a higher financial plan. What is more is the issue of measuring expatriates operations since performance standards differ across borders. Recommendation and Conclusion A living wage should underline the value and dignity of work as well as be sufficient to afford basic needs. The benefit of setting up a policy that guides the conduct of the business as well as its workers varies from legal protection to better consumer and public relationship. Therefore, it is important that the retail company considers its current business practices and provide its suppliers with improved working settings through incorporating ethical trading practices. This can be done by employing a systematic plan of action that embraces commitment in integrating ethical trading, monitoring and supervising development effectively as well as training employees within the organisation and its supply base. It is clear that retaining a low road competitive strategy rather than a high road approach to competitiveness can hinder profit and also violate human rights. Therefore to ethically apply a cost minimization strategy, retailers should improve on technology used in the p roduction unit. Replacing manual processes with automated operations and increasing the flexibility of machines will speed up the production cycle and reduce lead time, cost of labour and production. This innovation will control purchasing practice, overtime and maximise profits which will be needed to pay worker a living wage.

African American Stereotypes in the Media - 1396 Words

Jakaya McCambry 10/02/12 African American Stereotypes in the Media When I first heard someone say, â€Å"All African American people are Ghetto,† I was very offended that someone would make this type of assumption about my culture, and I thought how ignorant this person must be; but then I stopped and wondered why other people would think this about us. I asked her why she would say something like this, and she instantly listed shows like Tosh.O and Chelsea Lately, which highlight my culture in a negative view. It was clear to me that she had made up her mind about black people through watching the media and seeing African Americans fulfill that stereotype in person. This led me to question: Where exactly do these stereotypes come from?†¦show more content†¦The way entertainment in the media portrays us has greatly affected how others identify us. Movies and shows like; Madea’s family Reunion, Bringing down the House, Love and Hip Hop, and Basketball Wives all portray us in a degrading way. People sometimes find it comical o f course, but the fact that it is comical does not justify it being debasing. This image of us has evolved from things in the media, and its’ power to shape people’s idea of us. We as a race must stop living up to our stereotypes. As soon as we take action in not succumbing to our own stereotype, people will not think we are â€Å"Ghetto† or any other undignified term they think of us; therefore in the media we won’t be perceived in that way. As Colin Powell once said, â€Å"Fit no stereotypes. Dont chase the latest management fads. The situation dictates which approach best accomplishes the teams mission.† Although African American stereotyping is prevalent in the media now because of its’ entertaining quality; it perpetuates a cycle of harmful stereotypes. As long as this cycle continues, our culture will always be illustrated negatively. Works Cited Dixon, Travis L. Network News And Racial Beliefs: Exploring The Connection Between National Television News Exposure And Stereotypical Perceptions Of African Americans. Journal Of Communication 58.2 (2008): 321-337. AcademicShow MoreRelatedAfrican American Women And The Media s Reoccurring Stereotype2855 Words   |  12 PagesAvery Wood Robert Welch ENGL 202 Nov 10, 2014 â€Å"African American Women and the Media’s Reoccurring Stereotype† In the early turn of the 21st century, infant stages of media were brought to audiences all over. Small motion pictures were a new invention, enticing its viewers and creating a medium open to innovation. Since the development of silent films, stereotypes and racial discrimination have been the central overtones of cinema. 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Quantitative Research And Qualitative Research Essay Example For Students

Quantitative Research And Qualitative Research Essay In chapter one quantitative research and qualitative research is discussed. Quantitative research is collecting data that is in forms of numbers or is converted into numbers. This type of research would be conducted through tests rating scores, etc. There are four different types of studies that could result in quantitative research. Descriptive studies is when it enables researchers to draw conclusions about the current state of affairs regarding issues, but not about correlation or cause –and- effect relationship. This describes a situation that gives information about characteristics of students, teachers, and schools (Ellis, 2013, p. 6). Correlational studies is research that explores possible associations among two or more variables. These associations are among two variables that could result in a negative or positive correlation coefficient (Ellis, 2013, p.7). Experimental and quasi- experimental studies, experimental studies involves both the manipulation of one variable to determine its possible effect on another variable. Then the control of additional variables that might potentially have an impact on the outcome, which allows the conclusion about cause –and- effect relationships. During this experiment the researcher changes one or more aspects of the environment, which is the independent variable and the variable that is affected is the dependent variable. The treatment groups is where the recipients of a planned intervention, the control group is receiving either or no intervention, or a placebo intervention that doesn’t affect the dependent variable (Ellis, 2013, p.7). A quasi- experiment involves the manipulation of one variable to determine its possible effect on another variable, but without total control of. . t back to something that you know. The something that we already know would be the assimilation and to change our scheme that would be accommodation. During class I had to build a â€Å"treehouse†, when I wasn’t given the basics of what it was I was in disequilibrium. So when I started to ask about direction and shapes which would be my assimilation, I was trying to get back to equilibrium and to figure out the object that I needed to build. When I built the figure I would have used accommodation to change and create a new scheme. All throughout school students create new schemes to learn and develop. We take what we use to know, and when learning something different we need to create new schemes and we keep creating them as we develop and grow. Teachers will need to find where our student’s schemes, which may vary from student to student and have accommodate for that.